OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

What is the primary function of the service roots in trees?

1. To absorb excess water from the soil

2. To reduce soil erosion by holding soil together

3. To provide nutrients to the trees

4. To support the weight of the tree

The correct answer is: To reduce soil erosion by holding soil together

The primary function of service roots in trees is to reduce soil erosion by holding soil together. These roots play a crucial role in maintaining soil stability, particularly in habitats where soil may be prone to erosion due to water runoff, wind, or other environmental factors. By anchoring the soil, service roots prevent the loss of topsoil and contribute to the overall health of the ecosystem by maintaining the integrity of the ground in which the tree grows. Service roots are distinct from other roots that may primarily focus on absorbing water or nutrients. While these functions are vital for the tree's survival, the main role of service roots centers on stabilizing the environment around the tree, thus indirectly supporting the health of both the tree and the surrounding flora and fauna. This functionality is essential in preventing degradation and promoting biodiversity in the region.