OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

What defines a primary forest?

1. A forest that has been actively managed for decades

2. A forest that has never been cut down

3. A forest that has been replanted multiple times

4. A forest that is home to introduced species

The correct answer is: A forest that has never been cut down

A primary forest is defined as a forest that has never been cut down, maintaining its natural state and biodiversity over time. This type of forest is vital for ecological balance because it has developed its ecosystem without significant human interference. It supports a diverse range of flora and fauna that have adapted to the specific conditions of the environment over many years. Forests that have been actively managed or replanted are altered by human activities, influencing the species composition and the overall ecosystem's health. Likewise, forests housing introduced species may have their native biodiversity compromised and thus do not fit the criteria of being a primary forest. The essence of primary forests lies in their untouched, original condition, emphasizing the importance of conservation efforts to protect these irreplaceable ecosystems.