OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

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What are organelles?

The genetic material of a cell
Parts of the cell with specific functions
The outer membrane of a cell
Specialized types of cells within an organism

The correct answer is: Parts of the cell with specific functions

Organelles are defined as parts of the cell that have specific functions essential for the cell's operation and overall health. Each organelle plays a distinct role in processes like energy production, protein synthesis, waste processing, and maintaining the structural integrity of the cell. For example, mitochondria are involved in energy production, ribosomes are critical for protein synthesis, and the endoplasmic reticulum functions in the synthesis and transport of proteins and lipids. Understanding the function of organelles is key to grasping how cells operate and interact with their environment. This knowledge is foundational in various biological disciplines, from cellular biology to genetics. By recognizing organelles as specialized structures within cells, students can better appreciate the complexity of cell function and the interdependent nature of cellular components.