OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

How does conserving endangered species contribute to sustainability?

1. It depletes biodiversity

2. It reduces reliance on natural resources

3. It promotes ecological balance

4. It encourages pollution

The correct answer is: It promotes ecological balance

Conserving endangered species plays a crucial role in promoting ecological balance. Biodiversity is essential for healthy ecosystems, which in turn support sustainability. When endangered species are protected, it helps maintain the intricate relationships within ecosystems, such as predator-prey dynamics, plant-pollinator interactions, and the various roles organisms play in nutrient cycling and habitat formation. This balance is vital for resilience against environmental changes and disturbances. Furthermore, numerous species contribute to ecosystem services that are essential for human survival, such as clean water, pollination of crops, and disease regulation. By ensuring that endangered species thrive, we help sustain these processes, which are foundational to both nature and human society. Therefore, the conservation of endangered species essentially fosters a robust environment that can withstand challenges and continue to provide for both wildlife and human populations alike.